Terrarium plants bring a touch of nature indoors, allowing you to create a miniature world within the confines of a glass container. These captivating and low-maintenance plants have gained popularity among plant enthusiasts and interior designers alike. Let us explore the world of terrarium plants and gain a better understanding of how to select, care for and design stunning terrariums, which would thrive in any environment.
See also: Indoor plants that grow well with low sunlight
What are terrarium plants?
Terrarium plants refer to specific types of plants that are best suited for thriving in the unique conditions of a terrarium environment. A terrarium is a glass container, typically sealed or partially enclosed, that creates a miniature ecosystem. It provides a controlled environment for plants to grow.
Terrarium plants are carefully selected for their ability to thrive in the enclosed space where they receive filtered light and a controlled level of moisture. These plants are often chosen for their compact size, interesting foliage and adaptability to lower light conditions. They create a lush and captivating display within the terrarium, resembling a tiny, self-contained world.
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Common terrarium plants
Terrarium plants have unique characteristics that make them suitable for the conditions within a terrarium. Some common varieties of terrarium plants include:
Ferns
Ferns are popular choices for terrariums due to their ability to thrive in high humidity and low light conditions. They add a touch of elegance with their delicate fronds and come in a variety of shapes and sizes.
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Mosses
Mosses are excellent options for creating a lush carpet-like ground cover in a terrarium. They thrive in moist and shaded conditions of the enclosed space and provide a natural textured appearance.
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Tillandsia
Air plants, or Tillandsia, are unique as they do not require soil for growth. They absorb moisture and nutrients from the air, making them well-suited for humid environments. They can be attached to various surfaces within the terrarium, adding a touch of whimsy and vertical interest.
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Succulents
Succulents are known for their water-storing abilities, making them ideal for terrariums with lower humidity levels. They come in a wide array of shapes and sizes and often exhibit fascinating textures and colours.
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Other small, slow-growing plants, such as peperomia, fittonia and pilea are also popular choices for terrariums.
Terrarium plants: Benefits
Terrarium plants offer a plethora of benefits that make them a fantastic addition to indoor spaces.
- Low maintenance: Terrarium plants can thrive with minimal care. They require less water than traditional potted plants, making them perfect for those with busy schedules.
- Unique aesthetic: With their lush foliage and intriguing shapes, terrarium plants create an eye-catching focal point in any room. Their compact size allows them to fit in small spaces, making them ideal for urban dwellings.
- Air purification: Like most houseplants, terrarium plants help improve indoor air quality by filtering out harmful toxins and releasing oxygen.
- Versatility: Terrariums come in various shapes and sizes, allowing you to be creative and design a miniature landscape. Whether you prefer a desert-themed arrangement or a lush tropical oasis, terrarium plants can bring your vision to life.
How to choose the right terrarium plants?
When it comes to selecting plants for your terrarium, it is essential to choose species that would thrive in the specific conditions of an enclosed environment. Consider the following factors:
Light requirements
Different terrarium plants have different light requirements. Some thrive in bright, indirect light, while others prefer low-light conditions.
- Low-light plants: Ferns, English ivy and pothos are excellent choices for terrariums placed in limited natural light.
- Medium-light plants: Fittonia, nerve plants and peperomia prefer moderate levels of light and can tolerate indirect sunlight.
- High-light plants: Succulents, such as echeveria and haworthia, enjoy bright, indirect sunlight. They thrive in terrariums near windows or under artificial grow lights.
Size and growth habit
Considering the mature size and growth habits of terrarium plants is crucial for maintaining a visually appealing arrangement. Choose plants that would not outgrow the confines of your container.
- Trailing plants: Creeping fig, string of pearls and baby’s tears are ideal choices for cascading down the sides of a terrarium, creating a lush and whimsical look.
- Compact plants: Fittonia, air plants and succulent species, such as echeveria and haworthia, stay small and are perfect for terrariums with limited space.
- Tall plants: If you desire a focal point in your terrarium, consider incorporating taller plants like dracaena, ferns or snake plants.
Watering needs
Terrarium plants have distinct watering requirements. Understanding the moisture needs of each plant would prevent overwatering or underwatering.
- Humidity-loving plants: Tropical plants, such as ferns, fittonia and mosses, thrive in high-humidity environments. They benefit from occasional misting or placing a tray of water near the terrarium.
- Drought-tolerant plants: Succulents and cacti are well-suited for terrariums with lower humidity levels. They require infrequent watering to prevent root rot.
- Moderate-water plants: Several terrarium plants fall into this category. Examples include pothos, peperomia and nerve plants.
Research the specific watering needs of each plant you choose for your terrarium and adjust accordingly.
How to design a terrarium?
Creating a visually pleasing terrarium involves more than just selecting the right plants.
Layering
To create depth and interest, start by layering the bottom of your terrarium with drainage materials like pebbles or activated charcoal. This helps prevent water from accumulating and causing root rot. Add a layer of sphagnum moss or a thin barrier like horticultural fabric to separate the soil from the drainage layer.
Soil selection
Choose a well-draining soil mix specifically formulated for terrariums or succulents. Avoid using garden soil as it can retain too much moisture, leading to plant health issues. Depending on the chosen plants, you may need a mixture of regular potting soil, perlite and sand for proper drainage.
Placement and arrangement
Consider the size and growth habits of your plants when arranging them within the terrarium. Place taller plants toward the back or centre and shorter ones toward the front to create a balanced composition. Remember to leave enough space for growth.
Decorative elements
Enhance the aesthetic appeal of your terrarium by adding decorative elements, such as rocks, pebbles, driftwood or small figurines. These elements can mimic natural landscapes or add a touch of whimsy to your creation.
FAQs
Can I use any type of container for my terrarium?
While glass containers are the most popular choice for terrariums due to their transparency and aesthetic appeal, you can get creative and use containers made of plastic or ceramic as well. Just ensure that the container has adequate drainage to prevent waterlogging.
Can I mix different types of terrarium plants?
Yes, you can mix different types of terrarium plants to create a diverse and visually appealing arrangement. Ensure they have similar light and water requirements for harmonious growth.
How often should I water my terrarium?
The watering frequency depends on various factors, such as the plant species, container size, humidity levels and temperature. As a general guideline, check the soil moisture level and water only when the top inch of the soil feels dry.
Do terrarium plants require fertiliser?
Terrarium plants generally do not require frequent fertilisation due to the limited space and slower growth rate. However, you can use a diluted, balanced houseplant fertiliser during the growing season to provide essential nutrients.
Are terrarium plants suitable for beginners?
Yes, terrarium plants are often recommended for beginners due to their low maintenance requirements. They are generally forgiving and can withstand minor caring mistakes. With a little research and attention, anyone can successfully care for terrarium plants.
Can I propagate terrarium plants?
Yes, many terrarium plants can be propagated through stem or leaf cuttings. This allows you to expand your collection or replace plants that may decline over time. Research the propagation techniques for each plant species to ensure success.
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