In the journey towards making your home structurally sound and hazard proof, grounding of electrical wires has a major role to play. Involving the direction of electric current to the earth, this simple measure goes a long way in preventing fatal accidents. In this article, we will try to decode the necessity of electrical grounding for your home and understand how to do it.
See also: How to check and maintain smoke detectors?
Why is grounding of electrical wires necessary?
Grounding electrical wires is necessary for several reasons:
Safety from electric shock
In case of electrical faults like short circuits, grounding provides a path for the current to travel safely to the ground. Should anyone come in contact with a live wire in such a situation, this step prevents electric shocks.
Preventing electrical fires
Electrical fires are a result of overheating of wires and equipment . By providing a safe path for excess current to flow to the ground, grounding helps prevent situations that might lead to electrical fires.
Protecting equipment
Electrical equipment can be easily damaged by sudden voltage surges or lightning strikes. By diverting excess current safely to the ground, grounding holds together the integrity of electrical systems and prolongs the lifespan of equipment by keeping damage at bay.
Ensuring proper operationÂ
Most electrical devices and systems deem grounding as mandatory and heavily rely on it for proper operation. Sensitive electronics especially require a stable reference voltage that can only be provided by grounding.Â
Compliance with codes and standards
Electrical codes and standards for residential and commercial buildings provided by authorities makes electrical grounding a mandatory requirement. Adhering to these regulations is crucial not just for safety reasons, but also for legal purposes.
Steps to ground electrical wires
The process of grounding electrical wires involves the following steps:
Turn off power
The first step before starting any electrical work is to turn off the power supply of the circuit in question. Use a circuit tester to confirm that the power is off and begin working only once fully sure to avoid safety hazards.
Prepare the grounding wire
A green or bare copper wire is the best choice for grounding purposes. Cut the wire to an appropriate length, making sure to leave enough slack to reach from the device or fixture to the grounding point.
Connect to the grounding terminalÂ
Locate the grounding terminal or screw in gbe electrical box or on the device. Next, connect it securely by loosening the grounding screw, wrapping the bare end of the grounding wire around it in a clockwise direction and securely tightening the screw.
Connecting to the grounding electrode system
Grounding electrode system comprises a metal rod driven into the ground. In case of new installations, make sure to connect the grounding wire to this system. Secure the wire to the electrode using a grounding clamp.
Bonding
Create a continuous grounding path by ensuring that all metal parts of the system, such as metal boxes and conduit by bonding them together using grounding wires.
Install GFCIs
GFCIs or ground fault circuit interrupter outlets are necessary in areas that experience high water contact, such as kitchens and bathrooms. By detecting ground faults and shutting off power to the circuit as required, these outlets provide an extra layer of protection.
Check connections
Check and recheck all the connections to ensure they are tight and secure. The grounding wire should be properly connected at both ends.
Restore power and test
Once done, turn the power back on and use a circuit tester to check that the grounding is properly connected and functioning. Verify that all the safety standards are being met as expected.
FAQs
What is the purpose of grounding electrical wires?
Grounding protects people from electric shocks, prevents fires and safeguards equipment by directing excess current to the ground.
How do I know if my home’s electrical system is properly grounded?
Use a circuit tester to test the outlets or consult a professional electrician to conduct a thorough inspection to ensure proper grounding.
What materials are used for grounding electrical systems?
Copper or aluminium wires, either bare or insulated with green, commonly indicate suitability for grounding purposes.
Can I ground an electrical system myself?
While you can do basic checking and maintenance on your own, it is recommended to hire a professional to ensure that grounding is done efficiently and safely.
What are the common grounding methods for residential electrical systems?
Connecting the grounding wire to a grounding rod driven into the earth and bonding the metal frame to the building are common grounding methods.
What happens if an electrical system is not properly grounded?
Shocks, fires and damage and malfunctioning or devices can be caused due to an improperly grounded electrical system.
Do all electrical devices need to be grounded?
While most heavy appliances should be grounded for safety, double-insulated device need not be grounded as they have built-in protection.
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