All about Leh Airport, Ladakh

Situated in the northern part of India, situated away in the incredible Himalayas, Leh Airport is a living example of human creativity and determination despite difficult terrain. It is the main entry and exit for the local residents. Also known as Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport, it plays a crucial role in military transport and logistics. Leh Airport serves as both a hub for aviation travel and a point of access for the region’s unique heritage and beautiful surroundings. 

See also: Places to visit and things to do in Ladakh for a dreamy vacation

 

History and development

The Indian Air Force (IAF) base was established in 1985, primarily for military transport and logistics in the strategically important Ladakh region. Then, in 1978, Leh Airport was established. Initially, civilian flights were limited, with the majority catering to government officials and emergency medical evacuations. 

The major expansion and growth occurred between the 2000s and the 2010s. In 2008, the runway was extended to accommodate larger aircraft. In 2010, a new terminal building opened, increasing passenger handling capacity. During this decade, flight connectivity improved, and more airlines and routes were added. It aids in connecting Leh Airport to major cities in India. 

In 2013, Leh Airport was recognised as India’s highest commercial airport, attracting even more tourists. Soon after, plans were announced to hand over operations to the Airports Authority of India (AAI) to undergo further civilian infrastructure development in 2016. In 2019, Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the groundwork for a new, larger terminal building. 

Currently, the primary focus is on upgrading air traffic control systems, expanding the apron and taxiway, and potentially developing new airports in Ladakh. This airport is officially known as Kushok Bakula Rinpoche, and it was named after the 19th Kushok Bakula Rinpoche, an Indian politician and monk. 

 

Infrastructure

Leh Airport has a distinct and evolving infrastructure. It serves both a high-altitude and dual civilian-military purpose. It has a single runway measuring 2754 metres or 9036 feet long. It has one of the world’s highest runways. This airport has aircraft designed to handle mountainous terrain and afternoon winds. The pilots who fly these planes are skilled.  The airport has two aerobridges, which cost Rs 2 billion to build. The exit terminal was built in 2010 and is currently under construction. Air traffic control systems are being modernised to improve safety and efficiency. Firefighting and rescue teams are prepared for high-altitude operations. It has solar panels that generate renewable energy. 

 

Challenges

Operational challenges

• Leh Airport faces significant challenges due to its high altitude. Air can reduce engine thrust, affecting planes’ takeoff and landing performance.
• The human resources and pilots required for this position should be able to fly aircraft. This requires adequate training as well as financial resources. 
• It is not suitable for all types of passengers. Passengers may experience low oxygen levels, necessitating the use of oxygen masks on board. 
• The weather here is harsh, with strong winds (especially in the afternoon) and extreme temperatures (sub zero in winter). Passengers may experience low oxygen levels, necessitating the use of oxygen masks on board. It may cause disruptions to flight schedules. 
• Snowfall is also a major issue during the winter season. Sudden snowfall can cause runway closures and necessitate snow removal equipment.
• Due to its remote location, there are limited resources such as manpower, spare parts, and fuel, necessitating self-reliance.

Infrastructural challenges

• There is limited capacity, which may cause delays if flights are cancelled due to weather.
• The mountainous terrain presents challenges for runway expansion.
• The current helipad may not be able to accommodate larger helicopters used for emergency evacuations.
• The airport’s proximity to a sensitive border calls for strict security measures.
• Currently, most flights only operate in the morning, limiting travel options.

 

Importance

Leh airport is important not only for civilians and military personnel who live there, but also for tourists and emergency supplies. If somebody travels by road, especially in the winter, they will face difficult conditions that will increase the cost and time. Leh Airport provides vital connectivity. It also helps to promote tourism, which contributes significantly to the economy of Ladakh. The airport provides easy access for adventurers and nature lovers, increasing tourism revenue and employment. The airport serves as a base for military transport and logistics, helping the Indian Air Force maintain the safety of the region. 

 

Tourist Attractions

• Pangong Tso: Located approximately 168 kilometres from Leh Airport, this lake is well-known for its high altitude.
• Magnetic Hills: A place with a magical view of a car that appears to roll uphill by itself, located about 30 kilometres from the airport
• Thiksey Monastery: The famous panoramic view provides a stunning glimpse into Tibetan Buddhist culture. It’s about 18 kilometres from Leh Airport.
• Shey Palace: A museum with a collection of artefacts and treasures from Ladakh’s history located approximately 15 kilometres from the airport.
• Leh Palace: Provides panoramic views of the city and exhibits on Ladakhi history and culture. It is located in Leh, approximately 7 kilometres from the airport.
• Shanti Stupa: Promotes tranquillity and provides breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains. It’s about 5 kilometres from Leh Airport.
• Hall of Fame: The warriors who gave their lives protecting India’s borders are honoured in this war museum. Leh Airport is approximately 4 km away.
• Leh Old Town: It is dotted with traditional homes, stores, and cafes where you can experience the authentic Ladakhi vibe. Leh Airport is approximately 5 km away.
• Nubra Valley: It offers a distinctive combination of landscapes and is well-known for its dunes of sand, double-humped camels, and historic monasteries.
• Zanskar Valley: A remote valley renowned for its beautiful scenery and extreme sports.
• Hemis Monastery: Ladakh’s largest and most wealthy Tibetan Buddhist monastery.
• Hemis National Park: A national park with endangered snow leopards and other wildlife.

 

Hotels near Leh Airport

Some of the hotels near the airport are:

• Zostel Leh: 4.7 km
• Sangaylay Palace Leh: 3.9 km
• The Pal Hotel: 4.4 km
• The Mir Villa Leh: 4.3 km
• Gutur House: 6.3 km
• The Zen Ladakh: 3.7 km
• Ladakh Kingdom: 4.7 km
• The Grand Dragon: 3 km
• Hostel Rafika: 4.7 km
• Hostel Padma: 3.9 km

 

Airline from Leh Airport

Numerous important airlines serve Leh to meet the needs of travellers. Go First is one of them; it has flights from Chandigarh, Delhi, and Mumbai. Air India provides flights from Chandigarh, Srinagar, Jammu, and Delhi. While Indigo offers flights from both Delhi and Mumbai to Leh, Spice Jet only connects Delhi to Leh. By linking Leh with important cities throughout the nation, these airlines are essential in facilitating air travel to and from the city.

 

Impact on real estate

Positive impact

• The rise in tourism has stimulated demand for lodging options such as hotels, guesthouses, and homestays. 
• New infrastructure, including hotels and resorts, has been built to meet the demand of the expanding tourism industry.
• It is assisting in the construction and hospitality industries’ job creation.
• Higher property prices have resulted from increased demand, particularly in areas near airports.
• There are now better roads in place. Improvements have been made to basic amenities like electricity, water supply, and sanitary facilities. 
• Investments are coming from all over India.
• It has raised concerns about affordability and sustainability.

Negative impact

• For the locals, the rising value of real estate has become an issue and cause for concern. The increased costs made it harder for them to live affordably.
• Migration and gentrification are the results.
• The environment has been severely impacted by the rise in tourism.
• Construction and land acquisition activities have become a potential threat to the environment. Rural areas may experience fewer benefits from these activities, or even worse outcomes, such as the acquisition of land for infrastructure related to tourism.

 

FAQs

Are there any luggage restrictions at Leh Airport?

Yes, a few items are prohibited from being carried through airport security, including lighters, scissors, ice axes, knives, swords, razor blades, and so on.

Is there a train connection to Leh Airport?

Unfortunately, there is no train route yet. The nearest railway station to Leh Ladakh is Jammu Tawi, which is approximately 700 kilometres away.

How many tourists travel to Leh Ladakh?

The number is around 6 to 7 lakhs as per 2023.

Are there any adventurous activities recommended for visitors arriving at Leh Airport?

Ladakh has some of the best trekking routes in the Himalayas, with options for both strenuous multi-day treks and easy day hikes. Riding a mountain bike through Ladakh's rough terrain will allow you to experience heart-pounding rides and breathtaking views. For an exciting adventure, try white water rafting on the Indus River.

What features does the new terminal have?

It won't finish developing until about April 2024. The 22 check-in counters, centralised heating and cooling system, in-line baggage handling system, GRIHA-rated building, and other contemporary amenities are all featured in the new terminal building.

Are there any restrictions or considerations for travellers due to Leh Airport's high altitude?

Yes, travellers should be aware of the high altitude and may exhibit symptoms of altitude sickness. It is recommended to adjust gradually, stay hydrated, and avoid vigorous workouts at first.

Are there any cultural or adventure festivals near Leh Airport that visitors should plan their trip around?

Ladakh has a number of adventure and cultural festivals all year long. In order to take part in the exciting events and vibrant cultural celebrations, travellers can schedule their trips to coincide with festivals like the Hemis Festival or the Ladakh Marathon.

Got any questions or point of view on our article? We would love to hear from you. Write to our Editor-in-Chief Jhumur Ghosh at jhumur.ghosh1@housing.com