Living root bridges are unique and captivating structures found in Meghalaya, India. They hold immense cultural and historical significance and have been recognized for their outstanding value by being added to the tentative Unesco World Heritage Site list. These bridges are formed by carefully guiding the aerial roots of the Ficus Elastica tree to grow across streams, resulting in a durable and reliable passage for people to cross. With proper care, these remarkable bridges can endure for several centuries. Some of the popular living root bridges in Meghalaya can be found in Nongriat, Cherrapunji, Nongbareh and other nearby places.
See also: Popular hanging bridges in India
What is a living root bridge?
Living root bridges are natural structures made by the local indigenous communities of Meghalaya, primarily the Khasi and Jaintia tribes. The roots of the Ficus Elastica tree are skilfully guided and manipulated over many years to form living bridges capable of withstanding the test of time. These bridges often reach impressive heights, ranging from 50 to 100 ft above the ground. The longest living root bridge in the state spans an astounding 175 ft in length. Across various villages, approximately 100 such living root bridges have been documented.
How is a living root bridge built?
Living root bridges are naturally constructed by planting two Ficus Elastica rubber trees on opposite sides of a river. Over approximately 10 years, these trees develop secondary aerial roots. Local bridge builders then weave bamboo scaffolding to guide the roots across the river. The process continues for 20 to 30 years until the roots become self-sustaining, creating sturdy living root bridges. Maintenance is essential, with regular checks and care to ensure their longevity. The gradual growth and intertwining of roots contribute to the remarkable strength of these unique structures.
Living root bridges Meghalaya: History and significance
The tradition of building living root bridges dates back to centuries in Meghalaya. It is believed that the practice originated from the need to cross numerous rivers and streams that crisscross the region. With the knowledge passed down through generations, the local communities have honed the art of creating these bridges, which have become an integral part of their cultural heritage. The living root bridges serve as vital lifelines, connecting isolated villages and providing access to resources. These bridges have also served as crucial means for crossing the overflowing rivers during the monsoon season for local communities.
Popular living root bridges in Meghalaya
Some of the most popular living root bridges in Meghalaya include:
Nongbareh Living Root Bridge
Situated at the heart of the town, the Nongbareh living root bridge showcases a remarkable double-span structure. It gracefully spans across river Amayalee and a road leading to river Umngot. Connecting the banks of two rivers, this living root bridge has stood the test of time for over a century, exemplifying the enduring strength and beauty of this natural wonder.
Padu Bridge
Located approximately 10 km from Amlarem, the Padu Bridge is a remarkable sight to behold. Its distinguishing feature lies in its unique aerial roots, seemingly reinforced by an unseen component. Adding to its structural support, a concrete column on the right side enhances the overall stability of the Padu Bridge.
Mawlynnong Living Root Bridge
Mawlynnong Living Root Bridge is a single-level bridge that can be reached through two different routes around Mawlynnong. To access the bridge, visitors can descend a flight of steep stairs located approximately three km before reaching Mawlynnong.
FAQs
How long does it take for a living root bridge to become fully functional?
The process of creating a living root bridge can take up to 15 to 20 years for it to become fully functional. It requires immense patience and careful guidance of the tree roots.
Are living root bridges strong enough to support human weight?
Yes, living root bridges are remarkably strong and can support the weight of humans. The intertwined roots gradually grow thicker and stronger over time, creating a sturdy and reliable passage.
Can living root bridges withstand natural disasters like floods or storms?
Living root bridges have shown remarkable resilience in withstanding natural disasters. The flexibility and adaptability of the living roots allow them to withstand floods and storms, making them highly durable.
Are there any safety measures in place for visitors to the living root bridges?
While exploring the living root bridges, it is important to follow the designated paths and guidelines provided by local authorities or guides. Visitors are advised to be cautious while crossing the bridges and respect the natural surroundings to ensure their own safety.
Are there any ongoing preservation efforts to protect the living root bridges?
Yes, there are ongoing preservation efforts to protect the living root bridges in Meghalaya. Local communities, conservation organisations and the government are working together to raise awareness, implement sustainable tourism practices and ensure the long-term preservation of these natural wonders.
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