The urban concrete jungles of the modern world can be a nightmare for nature lovers. After all, who doesn’t love some refreshing greenery in their surroundings? Having a garden within the premises of your home is a great way to add a dash of greenery to your space. However, space restrictions and concrete landscaping might make it difficult to set up and maintain a full-fledged garden. So a lot of contemporary homeowners prefer setting up a garden on their terrace or balconies, making it a more convenient and space-efficient option. If you are looking at doing the same, here is a checklist to ensure that all the essential requirements of a terrace garden are in place.
See also: Amazing terrace garden design ideas for your home
Assessment of space
The assessment of the area of your terrace that you wish to convert into a garden should be done based on the following parameters:
Sunlight
The movement of sunlight across your terrace based on its orientation can help you determine the ideal spot for a garden. South-facing terraces tend to receive greater sunlight as compared to north-facing ones. If it faces the east, it receives the morning sunlight in plenty and west-facing ones receive the afternoon and evening sun. Also make sure to identify the sources of shade in the vicinity, such as nearby walls, buildings or overhangs. For more accurate measurement of the amount of sunlight received, consider using tools or mobile applications.
Wind exposure
Small and delicate plants require to be shielded in case of strong winds. This can be done by installing windbreaks such as trellises, bamboo screens or climbing plants like ivy. To prevent plants from toppling over, use heavy duty pots and containers that can stand steadily. Taller plants with delicate stems must be adequately staked or supported.
Weight capacity
It is important to make sure that your terrace has the capacity to bear the load of a garden. It is recommended to consult a structural engineer for in-depth insights on this as the combined weight of soil, plants and containers can add up quickly. Avoid overloading a single area by distributing weight evenly across the space. Instead of heavier materials like clay, consider using containers made from lighter materials like plastic or fibreglass.
Choosing plants
While choosing plants for your terrace garden, here are the essential aspects to consider:
Climate suitability
Not all plants can thrive in the environment of your location. Consider opting for plants specifically suited for your climate zone by researching native plants or consulting local nurseries. Being aware of the microclimates within your terrace is also helpful. Depending on exposure or surrounding structures, some areas might be hotter or cooler than others.Â
Size and growth
Avoid overcrowding by knowing the mature size of the plant beforehand so that you can prepare the space adequately. Tall plants like trees or large shrubs should be placed in a way that they don’t block sunlight for smaller plants. Alongside this, also consider the growth habits of the plant, whether it is spreading or upright. Mixing plants with varying growth habits results in a more dynamic and visually pleasing space.
Maintenance needs
Keep in mind the time and effort required to maintain and care for the plants and choose plants that fit your level of commitment. Succulents, hardy perennials and self-sufficient herbs are some low-maintenance options. Some plants require more frequent care during certain seasons. Therefore, plan your garden layout in such a way that groups plants with similar needs together.
Soil and containers
Soil quality
Potting mix specially designed for container gardening includes components that facilitate good aeration and drainage. Go for a mix that contains peat moss and perlite. Modify the quality of the soil as required with compost or slow-release fertilisers. For better water retention and aeration, consider adding materials like vermiculite or pumice.Â
Containers
Drainage holes are a must in containers to prevent waterlogging. If necessary, consider drilling additional holes. Different materials also offer varying benefits. For example, terracotta pots are breathable but can dry out quickly, while plastic pots retain moisture but tend to heat up in the sun. Fibreglass or resin pots are lightweight yet durable.
Watering system
Drainage solutions
Placing saucers under pots helps catch excess water. However, be cautious of stagnant water, which can lead to root rot. A drip irrigation system can provide consistent moisture without overwatering as this system delivers water directly to plant roots, thereby reducing waste and evaporation.
Watering schedule
The watering schedule must be consistent but should also be adjustable based on weather conditions. Plants need daily watering during hot and dry periods while cooler, wetter weather calls for less frequent watering. Also monitor soil moisture regularly using a moisture metre or simply stick your finger into the soil to gauge the moisture levels.
Fertilisation
Nutrient requirements
A balanced fertiliser contains equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that promote general plant health. However, specific plants might have different needs. Keeping in mind the growth cycle of your plants is also necessary while fertilising. While many plants benefit from fertilisation in the spring and summer, some might need it year-round.
Organic option
Incorporating compost into the soil helps improve fertility and structure. It also enhances microbial activity, which helps plants absorb nutrients. For a more eco-friendly approach, consider using natural options like bone meal, fish emulsion or seaweed extracts.
Weather protection
Rain and storms
During heavy rains or storms, protect delicate plants using temporary covers like tarps or garden fabric. If weather conditions are extreme, some plants may need to be moved indoors or under shelter. Prevent pots from sitting in waterlogged areas during heavy rain by elevating them on stands or bricks.
Heat protection
Shield the plants from intense afternoon sun by using shade cloth or mesh to keep sunburn and heat stress at bay. Placing plants in specific groupings helps retain moisture and cools the surrounding air by creating a microenvironment conducive to these activities.
Accessibility
Ease of access
Arrange the plants in your terrace garden in a way that you can easily access them for routine care tasks like watering, pruning and harvesting. Keep gardening tools and supplies organised and within easy reach as well, preferably adding a small shed or storage container if space allows.
Pathways
Facilitate movement and easy access to the plants by incorporating pathways or stepping stones that are wide enough to prevent stepping on plants. In areas that might get wet easily, go for slip-resistant materials. Gravel, stepping stones and decking are some options you can consider.
Aesthetics and design
Layout planning
Creating different zones for various types of plant, such as a herb garden, flower beds and vegetable plots, helps with both managing plant care and enhancing visual appeal. Create focal points and enhance the visual appeal further by incorporating features such as a small fountain, garden status or decorative pots.
Colour and texture
Aim for variety by incorporating a mix of colours and textures by choosing plants featuring different foliage shapes and flower colours. Additionally, plan for seasonal changes by including plants that offer year-round interest, like spring flowers, summer blooms, fall foliage and winter evergreen plants.
Safety considerations
Railing
Any edges or open areas on your terrace should be barricaded safely with secure railings to prevent accidents. While setting the railing heights, make sure to check with local safety codes and regulations.Â
Slip resistance
Watering your terrace garden might cause the floor to become slippery. Therefore, consider using slip-resistant materials for walkways, such as paving stones, rubber mats or anti-slip coatings.
Legal and structural aspects
Permissions
Before setting up a terrace garden, make it a point to check with your building management or local municipality for any regulations or permits required as some areas might have specific restrictions. If you live in a community, review the association guidelines for terrace gardens.
Structural integrity
If your plan involves significant changes to the terrace structure or if you are unsure about the weight limits, it is always advisable to consult a structural engineer. If required, you might also need to reinforce the terrace with additional support to handle the weight of the garden.
FAQs
What type of plants are best for a terrace garden?
Plants that are suited to your local climate placed according to their sunlight requirements are ideal for terrace gardens.
How do I ensure my terrace can handle the weight of a garden?
Consult an engineer to get insights on the load-bearing capacity, choose lighter pots and soil mixes and spread out heavy items to avoid overloading.
What should I consider when selecting containers for my terrace garden?
Ensure that the containers have drainage holes, pick appropriate materials based on insulation and weight and use appropriately sized containers.
How do I manage watering in a terrace garden?
Water the plants based on specific needs and weather conditions, install a drip system for efficient watering and use pots with built-in reservoirs.
How can I protect my terrace garden from extreme weather?
Use a shade cloth or mesh for hot sun, elevate the pots to prevent waterlogging and add windbreaks in the form of screens.
How do I create a visually appealing and functional terrace garden?
Arrange taller plants in the back and shorter ones in front, add pathways and decorative features and mix plant colours and textures for visual interest.
Do I need any special permissions or approvals for setting up a terrace garden?
It is always advisable to check with association and municipality guidelines and safety codes before setting up a terrace garden.
| Got any questions or point of view on our article? We would love to hear from you. Write to our Editor-in-Chief Jhumur Ghosh at jhumur.ghosh1@housing.com |
