All about Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi

Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA) is one of India’s busiest airports, named after India’s first female prime minister, Indira Gandhi. It is a vital link connecting India to the rest of the world. It is not only a major gateway to India, but also a domestic hub and economic powerhouse.  The IGIA’s world-class facilities and efficient operations demonstrate India’s progress in aviation infrastructure and technological capabilities. This boosts national pride and strengthens India’s reputation as a rising global power.  IGIA has hosted major international events such as the G-20 Summit and the Commonwealth Games, illustrating its ability to operate large-scale operations while catering to a wide range of needs. Indira Gandhi International Airport has a multifaceted role in India’s development.

See also: Top localities to buy a home near Indira Gandhi International Airport

History and development of IGI airport

The Indira Gandhi International Airport was founded in 1948, after a year of independence, under the initial name Palam Airport. Initially, until the 1960s, it only served as a domestic airport with limited operations. The IGI airport was previously operated by the Indian Air Force, and in 2006 management and control were transferred to Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL), a consortium led by the GMR group. 

In 1971, the Palam Airport was renamed Indira Gandhi International Airport in honour of the late Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. During the 1970s, this airport underwent several expansions and modernisation to increase passenger traffic. This entire development continued until the 1980s.

In the 1990s, when the LPG policy was implemented, IGI faced challenges due to limited capacity and infrastructure constraints. In the 2000s, major infrastructure upgrades included the construction of new terminals, runways, and cargo facilities. New technologies were introduced, including biometric security and automated baggage handling. 

In September 2006, this airport opened a 4400m runway and a 2.2 km eastern cross taxiway with dual parallel taxiways.  Since 2010, the airport has undergone several changes. One of the major contributors was Terminal 3.  This cutting-edge terminal, built for more than $2.4 billion, increased the carrying capacity of the airport by 34 million passengers per year.

This airport has spent the past decade focusing on improving its connectivity. The expansion of the metro network and the construction of a multi-level parking lot.

From 2016 to 2020, new technology was introduced, including paperless boarding and the adoption of AI. Also, developments such as the installation of solar panels to generate renewable energy, the use of LED lighting and energy-efficient equipment to reduce carbon footprint, and rainwater harvesting and wastewater treatment for water conservation have occurred, making strides toward sustainability. Despite the pandemic’s challenges, IGI Airport continued to see an increase in passenger and cargo traffic.

Current plans call for additional expansion, including the construction of a fourth runway and a fifth terminal. 

Terminals of IGI airport

Terminal 1

The terminal was established on June 4, 1962, and was previously known as Palam Airport. It was originally used as a small domestic airport with limited operations. Back then, it served only a few domestic airlines, including Indian Airlines and Air India.  During the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War, it served as an important airlifting point for supplies and personnel. It underwent significant expansion in the 1970s and 1980s, with the construction of new terminals (1A, 1B, and 1C) to meet rising demand for both domestic and international flights. Arrivals are handled through Terminal 1C, and departures are handled through Terminal 1D. The terminal can accommodate about ten million passengers per year. Terminal 1 is critical in making air travel more accessible to India’s population by providing low-cost domestic flights. It is currently operational, serving primarily budget domestic flights operated by airlines such as IndiGo and SpiceJet.

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 at IGI Airport opened for business on November 11, 1981. In the early going, it presents India with new opportunities for foreign travel. It developed into the main hub for foreign airlines. As the demand for international travel rose in the 1980s and 1990s, Terminal 2 experienced steady growth as it expanded and upgraded. At the time, Terminal 2 embodied the pinnacle of foreign travel in India, with its striking architecture, duty-free stores, and lively ambience. Between the years 2000 and 2010, Terminal 2 became the go-to option for business travellers because of its easy access, roomy lounges, and quick processing. India’s aviation history is exemplified by Terminal 2, which has evolved from an international entry point to a low-cost travel hub. operating at the moment, primarily managing domestic flights operated by different airlines. The terminal can accommodate about five million passengers a year.

Terminal 3

Terminal 3, which opened on July 14, 2010, is the airport’s main terminal and handles the majority of international and some domestic flights operated by major airlines. The seeds of Terminal 3 were planted by the Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL). Terminal 3 was designed to create a world-class terminal that would span 54 million square feet (5 million square metres) and accommodate 34 million passengers per year. During the decade of 2010 demand was steadily increasing, prompting IGI Airport to make investments in further expansion of Terminal 3, including the addition of new gates. The global pandemic tests people’s durability. Terminal 3 experiences a substantial drop in traffic from travellers. Terminal 3 has had enormous success, connecting Delhi to over 142 worldwide locations and multiple domestic cities. This terminal is the largest and most advanced in India, with a capacity to handle over 40 million passengers per year.

Terminal 4 

Terminal 4 plans were made public in 2016 as part of the Delhi Airport’s master expansion and technological advancement strategy. Construction began in 2021, with an expected completion date of September 2023. However, due to several factors, the opening has been delayed. It will have a massive capacity, capable of handling approximately 40 million travellers annually. The project’s projected price is around ₹43 billion (approx. $530 million). 

Location of IGI airport

The Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGI) is located in Palam, Delhi, India. The nearest railway station is New Delhi Railway Station, which is approximately 15 kilometres from the airport. The nearest place is Connaught Place, which is about 18 kilometres from the airport. To travel from the metro, the most convenient option is the airport express line, which connects NDLS directly to the airport. One can also travel by taxi or cab. Regular buses are also available near the airport. 

Facilities of passengers

ATMs and banking facilities

There are various locations at airports with bank branches for cash withdrawals. This makes it easier for passengers in an emergency.

Duty-free shopping

Numerous duty-free stores sell a wide range of products, including perfume, cosmetics, and alcohol. Anyone who purchases from IGI Airports will be charged tax-free prices.

Pharmacies

Medical stores carry all necessary medications. There are also toiletries available that require high levels of maintenance and hygiene.

Lost and found services

The airport also has a dedicated section or counter for lost and found where passengers can report lost items or collect them if they are lost. 

Security screening

There are multi-layered security checks, including baggage and body scanners, to ensure passenger safety. 

Prayer rooms

Each terminal has dedicated prayer areas that cater to various religious beliefs.

Additional Facilities

The airport has several additional amenities, including business lounges, spa and wellness facilities, transit hotels, childcare facilities, wheelchair and special assistance, free wifi, and mobile charging stations.

Hotels near IGI airport

Budget-friendly

• Zostel – located in Aerocity
• GoStops – located in Paharganj
• Homestay AC Dormitory – located close to Kashmiri Gate

There are many more options available.

Mid-range

• The Hosteller – located in Aerocity
• AmigosIndia – located in Paharganj
• YwCA of Delhi Blue Triangle Family Hostel – located near Connaught Place

Explore more places by visiting them.

Luxury

• Snooze At My Space – located near terminal 3 of the airport
• Holiday Inn Express New Delhi Int’l Airport T3 

Choose a hostel according to your preferred mode of transportation and budget. Aerocity is closer to the airport but may be more expensive, whereas Paharganj and Connaught Place provide more affordable options but require metro rides to reach the airport. Consider what amenities you value, such as a shared kitchen, rooftop terrace, laundry facilities, or social events.

Awards and recognitions

Read also: Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA): The largest airport in India

Impact on real estate sector

Real estate values around Delhi’s Indira Gandhi Airport are noteworthy. Over the previous five years, there has been a 20–30% increase in the price of real estate in the vicinity of IGI. The market for both commercial and residential real estate has grown as a result. New housing and infrastructure developments have been prompted by this increase in demand, especially in the vicinity of the airport. The airport’s enhanced connectivity has increased the appeal of the surrounding areas to both residents and businesses. The airport creates jobs in the aviation, hotel, retail, and other industries, and it is a major contributor to the region’s economic growth.

FAQs

Sanskrati Gupta

Sanskrati Gupta is an economics major currently pursuing her studies at Delhi University. She likes to explore world topics and share her thoughts and analysis through her writing.

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