The stamp duty charges in Tamil Nadu applicable on property transactions is quite high compared to other Indian states. This means, when you buy a property in the state, you will need to reserve a significant amount towards the mandatory stamp duty and registration charges.
Stamp duty is the fee that you are liable to pay to the authorities, in order to register a property under your name. Registration fees are paid to the same authority for doing all the paper work to execute this process.
See also: All about stamp duty in MP
Let us discuss the monetary implications of this on a home buyer in Tamil Nadu, in detail. Also, we share the various stamp duty and land or property registration fees applicable in Tamil Nadu.Harini Balasubramanian | Housing News
See also: All about gift deed stamp duty
Stamp duty in Tamil Nadu: Latest updates
State govt can charge stamp duty on registration of merger of firms: Madras HC
February 27, 2024: The Madras High Court has ruled that the state government can charge stamp duty on registration of merger of companies which has been approved by courts or tribunals, according to media reports. However, the first bench of Chief Justice SV Gangapurwala and Justice D Bharatha Chakravarthy said that if the duty has been paid in other states, it will be adjusted against the value calculated in Tamil Nadu. The authorities can collect a stamp duty of 2% of the market value of the immovable property.
Tamil Nadu announces new property values for streets, roads
January 5, 2024: The Tamil Nadu government, on January 3, 2024, announced the composite value for property on more than three lakh roads and streets across the state, according to a TOI report. The composite value of nearly 1.5 lakh streets and roads in Chennai was announced. The highest value is 28,500 per square foot (sqft) in and around the Boat Club area. It must be noted that the registration charges are 7% of the composite value.
Property photos with geographic coordinates must for land registrations in TN
October 6, 2023: In a move to tackle fraudulent transactions, starting October 1, the Tamil Nadu Registration Department has made it mandatory to include photographs of properties with geographic coordinates as part of the registered document, according to a Hindu report. This will enable the identification of the exact property location and prevent the registration of plots with structures being shown as vacant land.
According to the new rule, the photos with the coordinates should be attached to the digital record. A copy, attested by the seller and buyer, should be enclosed with the registered document.
TN introduces flat 9% registration charge on total apartment cost
August 7, 2023: The Tamil Nadu Government has discontinued the three-year-old practice of separate registration of undivided share (UDS) of land and construction agreements, according to a TOI report. As per the new guidelines, in case of completed construction, there shall be only one combined sale deed, including a stamp duty and flat registration charge of 9%. The new move will lead to increased costs for a homebuyer, who will have to pay 50% more towards registration charges for their property. The move will also impact those who have purchased a property but have not yet registered their property.
See also: TN registration charges at 9% may increase cost for homebuyers
State registration department hikes fees of 20 services
July 9, 2023: The Tamil Nadu government has revised the registration charges for the transfer of power of attorney to non-family members by 1% of the property’s market value, according to media reports. Currently, the rate for this service is Rs 10,000. The fee hike will come into effect on July 10, 2023. This may lead to an increase in the cost of redeveloping and developing a property. Further, the state registration department has increased the registration fees and stamp duty of 20 services provided by the department under Section 78 of the Registration Act 1908. The revision comes after a gap of 20 years.
The covers searching of the registers for making or granting copies of reasons, entries or documents, before or after registration; for the safe custody and return of documents, etc. The registration department has also increased the charges for the receipt document for mortgage from Rs 20 to Rs 200. The registration charges for partition, family settlement and release of documents from Rs 4,000 to Rs 10,000. The stamp duty for the same has increased from Rs 25,000 to Rs 40,000. The fee for individual plot registration has been increased from Rs 200 to Rs 1,000.
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Stamp duty and registration charges in Tamil Nadu 2024
Property buyer category | Stamp duty in Tamil Nadu | Registration charges |
Men | 4% of property value | 0.5% of total property value |
Women | 4% of property value | 0.5% of total property value |
Joint owners | 4% of property value | 0.5% of total property value |
Stamp duty and registration charges in Tamil Nadu for various documents
Document type | Stamp duty in Tamilnadu | Registration charges in Tamilnadu |
Conveyance (Sale) | 7% of the market value of the property | 4% of the market value of the property |
Gift | 7% of the market value of the property | 4% of the market value of the property |
Exchange | 7% of the market value on the property that has the greater value | 4% of the market value on the property that has the greater value |
Simple mortgage | 1% on the loan amount, subject to a maximum of Rs 40,000 | 1% on the loan amount, subject to a maximum of Rs 10,000 |
Mortgage with possession | 4% of the loan amount | 1%, subject to a maximum of Rs 2,00,000 |
Agreement to sale | Rs 20 | 1% on the money advanced (1% on total consideration if possession is given) |
Agreement relating to construction of building | 1% on the cost of the proposed construction or the value of construction or the consideration specified in the agreement, whichever is higher | 1% on the cost of the proposed construction or the value of construction or the consideration specified in the agreement, whichever is higher |
Cancellation | Rs 50 | Rs 50 |
Partition among family members | 1% on the market value of the property, subject to a maximum of Rs 40,000 for each share | 1%, subject to a maximum of Rs 10,000 for each share |
Partition among non-family members | 4% on the market value of the property for separated shares | 1% on the market value of the property for separated shares |
i) General Power of Attorney to sell the immovable property | Rs 100 | Rs 10,000 |
ii) General Power of Attorney to sell the immovable property (Power is given to a family member) | Rs 100 | Rs 1,000 |
iii) General Power of Attorney to sell the movable property and for other purposes | Rs 100 | Rs 50 |
iv) General Power of Attorney given for consideration | 4% on the consideration | 1% on the consideration or Rs 10,000, whichever is higher |
Settlement in favour of family members | 1% on the market value of the property but not exceeding Rs 40,000 | 1% on the market value of the property, subject to a maximum of Rs 10,000 |
Settlement in other cases | 7% on the market value of the property | 4% on the market value of the property |
Partnership deed where the capital does not exceed Rs 500 | Rs 50 | 1% on the capital invested |
Partnership deed (other cases) | Rs 300 | 1% on the capital invested |
Memorandum of Deposit of Title Deeds (MODT) | 0.5% on loan amount, subject to a maximum of Rs 30,000 | 1% on loan amount, subject to a maximum of Rs 6,000 |
i) Release among family members (coparceners) | 1% on the market value of the property but not exceeding Rs 40,000 | 1% on the market value of the property, subject to a maximum of Rs 10,000 |
ii) Release among non-family members (co-owner and benami release) | 7% on the market value of the property | 1% on the market value of the property |
Lease below 30 years | 1% on the total amount of rent, premium, fine, etc. | 1%, subject to a maximum of Rs 20,000 |
Lease up to 99 years | 4% on the total amount of rent, premium, fine, etc. | 1%, subject to a maximum of Rs 20,000 |
Lease above 99 years or perpetual leave | 7% on the total amount of rent, fine, premium of advance, if any, payable. | 1%, subject to a maximum of Rs 20,000 |
Declaration of trust (if property is there, it would be considered as sale) | Rs 180 | 1% on the amount |
Source: Registration Department, TN
See also: Stamp duty in Gujarat and registration charges
Note: Stamp duty is always shown in percentage terms. The stamp duty amount is a specific percentage of the property transaction value. This means that if the buyer has purchased the property for Rs 50 lakh, he has to pay 7% of Rs 50 lakh as the stamp duty in Tamil Nadu. He has to pay another 4% of Rs 50 lakh as the land registration fees in Tamil Nadu. So, the buyer will have to keep 11% of Rs 50 lakh, to pay these state duties.
The charges are applicable as per the Tamil Nadu Stamp Act, 2019 and the Indian Stamps Act 1899. According to the acts, payment of stamp duty and registration charges in Tamil Nadu is mandatory for all property transactions. As per the Tamil Nadu Stamp Act, stamp duty is compulsory for some deeds.
See also: All about IGR Maharashtra
Registration of Settlement Deed
A settlement deed refers to a legal document wherein the parties settle their differences or disputes, in cases related to immovable properties such as land. The document needs to be registered for it to be valid. The documents required for settlement deed in Tamilnadu during registration include original title document (and Patta), encumbrance certificate of the property, identity proof and Aadhaar proof of the parties.
The registration fees that must be paid in case of settlement are mentioned below:
- Stamp duty which is 1% of the market value of the property, subject to a maximum of Rs. 25000. Registration fees of 1% of the market value of the property subject to a maximum of Rs. 4000. These charges are applicable for settlement in favour of family members.
- The fees applicable for settlement in other cases include stamp duty of 7% of the market value of the property and registration fee of 4% of the market value of the property.
See also: All about Tamil Nadu’s Patta Chitta document
Stamp duty and registration charges for women in Tamil Nadu 2024
While most states offer some sort of rebate if a property is registered in the name of a woman, this is not the case in Tamil Nadu. Men and women have to pay the same stamp duty in Tamilnadu and registration fees. The stamp duty fee is 7% of property market value while the registration charges in the state are 4% of property value. A property buyer is required 11% of property value for the registration of their property.
In contrast, women home buyers in national capital Delhi pay 4% stamp duty as against the 6% stamp duty that a man has to pay here.
See also: All about Guideline Value in Tamil Nadu. Also read our guide on TNREGINET to know about how to use the Tamil Nadu govt portal to get information on guideline value and more in the state.
Land registration fees in Tamilnadu for a resale property
The Tamil Nadu registration charges for a resale property is 1% of market value or the agreement value of the property. The stamp duty that will be levied on the same is 7%.
About Tamil Nadu Stamp Duty Act
A property buyer in Tamil Nadu is required to pay the stamp duty and registration fees to the state government, according to the Indian Stamps Act, 1899 and Tamil Nadu Stamp Act, 2019. The payment of stamp duty and registration charges in Tamilnadu are applicable in property transactions related to sale, lease, partition and resale of a property.
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How is stamp duty in Tamil Nadu calculated?
A property buyer must pay stamp duty in Tamil Nadu as determined by the state government. Stamp duty is charged on the ready reckoner rate / circle rate (also called guideline value in Tamil Nadu) or consideration value of the property, whichever is the higher value.
If the agreement value of a residential property is Rs 50 lakh and the guideline value is Rs 40 lakh, the stamp duty will be calculated on the higher value, that is, Rs 50 lakh.
For example, a person purchased a property of Rs 35 lakh, which is lower than the guideline value. In this case, the stamp duty will be paid on the higher value, which is Rs 40 lakh. Stamp Duty in Tamil Nadu is 7% of the guidance value. Therefore, the person will pay Rs 2,80,000 as stamp duty for this property. The registration charges in Tamil Nadu are 4% of the guidance value. Therefore, the person will pay Rs 1,60,000as registration charges for this property.
Tamil Nadu land registration fees calculator
One can use the online Stamp duty and registration fee calculator by following the steps given below:
- Go to the Stamp Duty calculator tool
- Select the state
- Enter property details such as property value
What is the guideline value in Chennai 2024?
The guideline value refers to the minimum value of a property as decided by the state value below which a property transaction cannot take place. Generally, the guideline value is lower than the market value. In some cases, the market value may be lower than the guideline value of land. When registering a property, a buyer is required to pay stamp duty based on the guideline value or the market value, whichever is higher.
Property value is determined based on guideline value using the following formula:
Value of a property = Guideline value in Rs per sqm X built-up area in sqm
Factors that impact Stamp Duty in Tamil Nadu
The stamp duty one is required to pay depends by several factors. That includes:
- Property’s market value
- Type of property and the number of floors
- Property location (suburb, metropolitan, rural area, or city)
- Intended usage (whether residential or commercial)
- Age of the property
Stamp duty charges in Tamil Nadu are different for properties situated within and outside the city’s municipal limits. One may have to pay higher amount in case it is located within city’s municipal.
The amenities offered along with the property are also important in determining the stamp duty charges. For example, if you are opting for a flat in a housing project in Chennai with facilities such as swimming pools, elevators, community hall, a clubhouse, a gym, etc., then you may to have to pay a high stamp duty.
Similarly, if you are investing in a commercial property, the stamp duty and tregistration charges will be more compared to that of a residential property.
Factors that impact registration charges in Tamil Nadu
Registration charges you pay when purchasing a property may depend on several factors such as the type of property you have purchased. Considering whether the office or apartment is a unit of a multi-storey plot, the calculation will be done based on the super built-up area.
In case of plots or lands, the guideline value of the land is multiplied by the total square foot area of land.
If the property is an independent house or a villa, then the registration amount is calculated depending on the total constructed area.
Go to the official website of the Registration Department known as TNREGINET website to know more about stamp duty payment.
See also: Can stamp duty be refunded if a property deal is cancelled?
Stamp duty, registration charges’ impact on final property price
Buyers need to be aware of the property or land registration fees in Tamilnadu as it can impact their overall property purchase.
Let us examine how to calculate the impact of stamp duty and property registration charges in Tamilnadu on the final property price :
Suppose Gokul bought a property in Chennai that has a guideline value of Rs 40 lakh. He will have to pay the following charges:
- Registration fees: 4% of Rs 40 lakh= Rs 1,60,000
- Stamp duty: 7% of Rs 40 lakh= Rs. 2,80,000
Hence, the effective cost of owning this property comes to Rs 44.40 lakh.
The Tamil Nadu government recently issued an order to revise the stamp duty charges for property registration. The charges one has to pay is 1% of the property’s market value. Moreover, the registration charges for construction agreements have increased from 1% to 3%, with effect from July 10, 2023. This will directly have a financial implication on the final property cost for buyers.
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How to pay stamp duty online in Tamil Nadu?
The payment of stamp duty and land or property registration fees
in Tamil Nadu can be done online, via the e-stamping facility. Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited (SHCIL) is the central record keeping agency (CRA) appointed by the central government for granting e-stamp certificates in the country.
One can visit the SHCIL website and get information on transactions that require stamping and the addresses of collection centres.
Here’s a step by step guide:
- Go to the SHCIL website
- Click e-stamp services
- Select Tamil Nadu state from the dropdown
- Fill out the application form. Click on the ‘Download’ tab.
Now, submit the form at the Authorised Collection Center along with payment for the stamp certificate.
The various modes of paying stamp duty in the e-stamping system, include NEFT, RTGS, pay order, demand draft, cheque, cash and account to account transfer. One should reach out to the nearest e-stamping centre before initiating an electronic fund transfer.
Also read: What is e-stamping and how is it done?
Property registration procedure in Tamil Nadu
Proper inspection of the property and due diligence are crucial before proceeding with a property sale agreement or finalising price negotiation. It is advisable to seek the help of a legal professional.
The sale deed must be prepared after the due diligence is completed. The agreement must be drafted on stamp paper. The value of the stamp paper will depend on the property registration charges. It can be prepared by an advocate or a licensed document writer.
If you are buying a property in Chennai, it must be registered within four months of the execution of the agreement of sale. After the property transaction, the buyer should pay the stamp duty and the applicable registration charges. Visit the Registrar/sub-registrar’s office of the jurisdiction where the property was purchased to complete the property registration process.
How to pay stamp duty offline in Tamil Nadu?
Property buyers can pay the TN stamp duty and registration charges by visiting the sub-registrar’s office in their location. The procedure involves filing an application form, submitting the document and paying the required charges for land or property registration. One the process, the applicants will get the stamp duty certificate. The payment can be made through cash, demand draft, cheque, NEFT, RTGS or debit/ credit card.
One can obtain the stamp paper from a treasury or through the franking method that is a process used for getting a property document stamped. The cost that must be paid is referred to as franking charges. The document becomes legally valid once it is stamped.
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Property registration in Tamil Nadu: Documents required
Property buyers need to provide the following documents during property registration in Tamil Nadu:
- PAN card
- Identity proofs of property owner and witnesses
- Two passport-sized photographs
- Stamp duty receipt
- No objection certificate (NOC)
- Sale deed
- Power of attorney
- Municipal tax bill
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Tax benefits for stamp duty payment in Tamil Nadu
Property buyers are required to pay stamp duty and registration charges, which significantly increases their overall cost. As per the government rules, the maximum tax imposed on the payment of stamp duty and registration charges will be limited to Rs 1,50,000 only. This benefit can be claimed by Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs) and individuals. One should approach and check with state tax authorities before paying stamp duty and registration charges in Tamil Nadu.
You can visit the official portal of the Income Tax Department to get information about the situation where you are eligible to claim a tax deduction.
Tamil Nadu Stamp Paper: Things to know
Property buyers must be aware of the following points when registering a property in Tamil Nadu. The stamp duty is collected for validating the registration agreement of any property. One cannot claim property ownership without paying the stamp duty. The document serves as a legal document for property ownership and is considered valid in court for legal issues.
One must obtain a non-judicial stamp paper from the court and treasury.
When to pay stamp duty and registration charges?
If you have purchased a property, you must complete the property registration process within four months of execution of the sale deed. If registration is delayed, penalties are levied based on the time taken to register:
- Up to 1 week, 25% of registration charge
- For 1 month, 75% of registration charge
- Up to 4 months, 100% of registration charge
GST for land registration in Tamil Nadu
New GST rates were released based on the GST Council meeting on February 24, 2019. The GST rates in residential areas are:
- 5% GST without ITC (Input Tax Credit) on residential properties, not part of an affordable housing segment.
- 1% GST without ITC on residential properties included under affordable housing segment.
12% GST in Tamil Nadu is applicable, which does not apply to sale or resale of old properties.
- Total carpet area of the property should not exceed 60 square metre in metropolitan regions.
- Total carpet area should not exceed 90 square metre in non-metropolitan cities.
- Total value of the property should not exceed Rs 45 lakh. It is applicable in metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions.
What are agricultural land registration charges in Tamil Nadu?
For buying agricultural land in Tamil Nadu, a stamp duty of 7% of the market value of the property and registration fee of 4% of the property value is applicable. The charges are applicable for the sale, resale and land registration in Tamil Nadu.
How to check the market value of properties in Tamil Nadu?
Property buyers in Tamil Nadu can find out the market value of properties, also known as the guideline value, through the official Registration Department at portal https://tnreginet.gov.in/portal/.
- Visit the TNREGINET portal and click on the ‘Guideline Value’ tab. Click on the latest link for the revised guideline value.
- Provide the required details such as street or survey numbers.
- Click on the search option to check the streetwise details.
How do you calculate land?
In case of a regular plot of land, measure the length and breadth and multiply the results. The measurement of the area of a plot of land can be in any unit.
How to calculate land value in Tamil Nadu?
The Guideline value in Tamil Nadu is the minimum value of a property, set by the state government, at which property can be registered. The Department of Stamps and Registration is the authority responsible for determining the property guideline value in Tamil Nadu. One can find the land guideline value by visiting the official TNREGINET portal.
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How to register land in Tamil Nadu?
- Purchase stamp paper, the value of which will depend on the property registration charges.
- Draft the sale deed with the help of a qualified professional.
- In Tamil Nadu, land registration must be completed within four months of signing the sale deed. Visit the nearest sub-registrar under whose jurisdiction the property falls to complete the registration process.
What is the procedure for property name transfer in Tamil Nadu?
The process for name change for land registration in Tamil Nadu. Visit the Taluk or Village Administrative office in your locality. Fill the patta transfer form and submit it along with the required, duly attested documents. The application may be rejected or accepted based on the department’s report. If approved, the name change will be updated and issued within 15 to 30 days.
Tamil Nadu Stamp Duty and Registration Department: Contact details
Email ID: estamping@stockholding.com
Registered Office Address: 301, Center Point, Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Road, Parel, Mumbai – 400012
e-Stamping Operations Office Address: SHCIL House, Plot Number: P-51 T.T.C Industrial Area, MIDC, Mahape, Navi Mumbai – 400710
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FAQs
Yes, as per the Registration Act, 1908, it is mandatory to register your property.
You can either pay the stamp duty at the registrar/sub-registrar’s office or avail of the e-stamping facility.
You will need the stamp duty receipt, your PAN card, government ID proofs of all parties, including the witnesses, two passport-sized photographs, NOC, no dues certificate, sale deed, POA, pattadar passbook, etc.
The Department of Registration in Tamil Nadu takes initiatives such as equipping registrar offices with facilities like PoS (Point of Sales) devices and enable citizens to pay their property registration charges using debit cards or credit cards. Is it mandatory to register property in Tamil Nadu?
Where can I pay stamp duty in Chennai?
What are the documents required for registration of property?
Can I pay stamp duty by credit card in Tamil Nadu?
What is the guideline value in Tamil Nadu?
The guideline value is the property’s value determined by the Government, below which the property cannot be registered. The aim of this rate is to prevent the evasion of stamp duty payments. The value depends on past transactions in a particular street or survey number, development of a locality, etc.
Is registration required once the entire loan amount is repaid on the property?
One is not required to register the property again after repaying the home loan. Since registration of the mortgaged property is done individually, once the amount is paid, the mortgage documents will become null.
For how long is Tamil Nadu Stamp Paper considered valid?
Stamp paper in Tamil Nadu or other states do not have any expiry date. According to Section 54, if stamp paper is not used for six months, one can deposit it back and get the refund by paying some penalty.
How to register will in Tamil Nadu?
A will refers to a legal document that entitles a person to specify the person (persons) to whom their property will be distributed after their death. A will can hand-written or types on a paper. It is not mandatory to register a will.
What is the difference between registered will and non registered will?
A will is valid even if it is not registered. However, legal experts advise registering a will as it cannot be challenged in a court.
What is the property registration charges in Thane 2023?
Stamp duty fees in Maharashtra is 5% of property’s market value for women and 6% for men. The registration charges are 1% of the property value.
What is the fee for Patta document in Tamil Nadu?
One can apply for a Patta online in Tamil Nadu through official portal https://eservices.tn.gov.in/eservicesnew/index.html. Patta can be obtained online by paying a nominal amount of Rs 100/-.
Can we register land in Tamil Nadu without Patta?
Patta, which is a revenue record of a plot of land, is needed for various land-related transactions. A developer must have this document when constructing a housing project. However, in case of apartments, no Patta is issued to the legal owner as they have a divided share of the land on which the property is built.
What is the MOD fee in Tamil Nadu?
The registration charges for Memorandum of Deposit of Title Deeds (MODT) is 1% on loan amount, subject to a maximum of Rs 6,000. The Stamp Duty applicable is 0.5% on loan amount, subject to a maximum of Rs 30,000.
Who should pay mod charges?
If one is opting for a home loan, the borrower must pay the MoD charges when the property is registered in their name or when they get the first instalment of their loan.
Is registration mandatory for home loan?
Generally, banks and financial institutions do not provide loans for unregistered properties. In the case of under-construction property, the home loan can be obtained without the property registration documents. However, the property should be registered after possession and a completion certificate must be obtained.
What are plot registration charges in Tamil Nadu?
Stamp duty of 7% of property market value and registration charges are 4% of property value are applicable for plot registration in Tamil Nadu.
What is the stamp duty for gift deed in Tamil Nadu?
The stamp duty on gift deed registration applicable in Tamil Nadu is 5% of the market value of the property. So, the property rate is Rs 50 lakh, the buyer must pay Rs 2,50,000 stamp duty on gift deed.
Is stamp duty payable on release deed?
In India, according to section 17 of the Registration Act 1908, a release deed is considered valid only when it is registered at the sub-registrar office. Stamp duty and registration charges are applicable on registering the release deed.
What is release deed in Tamil Nadu?
A release deed is a legal document executed for transferring a person's share in a jointly owned property to a co-owner. In Tamil Nadu, stamp duty and registration charges are applicable for a release deed. A stamp of 1% on market value is applicable (not exceeding Rs 40,000) for release among family members and 7% in case of non-family members. The registration charges are 1% on the market value subject to a maximum of Rs 10,000 in case of coparceners.
Will Patta change automatically after registration?.
In a move that aims to address the delay in transferring pattas for sub-divisions, the state government launched a software for the Directorate of Survey and Settlement, which automatically divides and transfers ‘Pattas’ in the names of those who buy plots in approved layouts. Patta will be issued in the name of individual owners soon after lands are purchased through registration. They need not apply for Patta transfer separately or visit the Tahsildar office.
Is gift deed valid without registration?
According to section 123 of the Transfer of Property Act, any gift involving an immovable property should be registered. The stamp duty and registration charges is also payable.
What are the land registration charges in Tamilnadu 2024?
The land registration charges in Tamilnadu are 4% of the property’s market value during sale or transfer.
How are land registration charges in Tamil Nadu calculated?
The land registration charges in Tamilnadu is determined by the state government by considering various factors, including the type of property document.
Got any questions or point of view on our article? We would love to hear from you. Write to our Editor-in-Chief Jhumur Ghosh at jhumur.ghosh1@housing.com
Harini is a content management professional with over 12 years of experience. She has contributed articles for various domains, including real estate, finance, health and travel insurance and e-governance. She has in-depth experience in writing well-researched articles on property trends, infrastructure, taxation, real estate projects and related topics. A Bachelor of Science with Honours in Physics, Harini prefers reading motivational books and keeping abreast of the latest developments in the real estate sector.